Means for making reinforced fireproof partitions, &amp;c.



C. E. SPAULDING. MEANS FOR MAKING REINFORCED FIREPROOF PARTITIONS, &c.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-2.1914.

10 Zflatness fnvenzor;

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO4, WASHINGTON, D. c.

C. E. SPAULDING. MEANS FOR MAKINGREINFORCED FIREPROOF PARTITIONS, 1&0.APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2, 1914.

1, 176,255. Patented Mar. 21,1916.- W J 5'SHEETSSHEET"2.

ZVcZzzesses THE COLUMBIA PLANGGRAPH c0. WASHINGTON, D. c.

Q. E. SPAULDING. MEANS FOR MAKING REINFORCED FIREPROOF PARTITIONS KLc.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2, 1914.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

m m 0 s Q a 0 1 w 2 a a 2 1w H 2 w w ia/ 0 u n I 5 w 6 .z 7 1 1Inventor:

Zfldnesses C. E. SPAULD|NG.. MEANS FOR MAKING REINFORCED FIREPROOFPARTITIONS, &c. APPLICATION FILED MAR-Z. 1914.

1,176,255. Patented Mar. 21,1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET '4.

witnesses: %Inv7 20r' M 2 M a W THE COLUMBIA FLANDGRAPH $0., WASHINGTON.D. C.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-2. I9I4- I Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Md)? asses In vent-or.-

QMQMM THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 3:0, WASHINGTON, D. cv

CARL E. SPAULDING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MEANS FOR MAKING. REINFORCED FIREPROOF PARTITIONS, 8w.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 21, 1911;.

Application filed March}, 1914. Serial No. 821,857.

To all'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL E. SPAULDING, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York, State of New York, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Means for MakingReinforced Fireproof Partitions, &c., of which the following aspecification, reference being bad therein to the, accompanyingdrawings.

The invention has relation to means for making and reinforcing fireproofpartitions, walls, and other reinforced concrete work.

' General objects of the invention are to facilitate the making orbuilding of the said structures: to enable better results thanheretofore to be attained in the construction thereof; to lessen thecost by reducing the amount of material required; to lessen the cost inconnection with the actual building operations, especially byenabling'the customary built-up external wooden forms to be dispensedwith; to reinforce the said structures, and by reason of thereinforcement enable the thickness to be reduced without sacrifice ofstrength, stability or safety; and to provide for retaining thereinforcing elements in their proper positions without tendency. todisplacement.

In accordance with the invention I employ a series of membersconstituted of rods, beams, or tubes, which I dispose within the spaceof the contemplated thickness of the partition, wall, or the likestructure to be built. The said members may be of any approved shape andsize in cross-section, suitable to the requirements imposed by thecharacter, location, and purposes ofthe partition, wall, or otherstructure to be built. In many instances they may consist of simplesmall cylindrical rods. The said members serve two purposes, first, thatof assisting in holding in position the simplified external forms whichI employ for conlining" the plastic material and shaping the surface orsurfaces of the partition, wall, or like structures, and secondly, aspermanent reinforcing elements remaining within the finished wall, orthe like. For the first purpose mentioned, I provide, in conjunctionwith said members, attachments by means of which the said external formsare conpartition, wall, or thelike, to be varied, as

well as the distance between the internal relnforcements and eithersurface of the partition, etc. Usually, in the case of a partition orwall, the said members are employed in a vertical position, in order,among other reasons, to give strength to withstand crushing force actingvertically, as in consequence of the superimposed weight of an overheadceiling and floor, or roof. Where such result does not have to beprovided for, the position of the members may be other than vertical.

My improved means for making reinforced fireproof partitions, etc.,comprise, therefore, the members aforesaid adapted to be disposed withinthe space to be occupied by the thickness of the partition, wall, orlike structure to be built, attachments engaging with the said membersand with the external f0rms,'and the said external forms.

The invention also provides for the employment of cores, and theproperly locating the said cores in position within the partition orother structure.

Various embodiments of the features of the invention are shown in thedrawings, in which latter,

Figure 1 shows in side elevation a series of the members aforesaid,together withthe means of retaining the same in position,

' ortions of o )osite courses of forms means connected with the saidmembers for holding the said forms in position, and a series of coresand a quantity of plastic material between the forms and partiallyembedding thecores, the ceiling and floor being partly represented insection, certain portions of different parts being broken away to showfeatures that would otherwise be concealed. Fig. 2 is a view of theparts shown in Fig. 1, representing them as in vertical crosssection.Fig. 3 is a view in horizontal section on line 8, 3, of Fig. 1 lookingupward. Fig. 4 is a view in horizontal section on line 4, 4, of Fig. 1,looking downward. Fig. 5 is a view on an enlarged scale in vertical -inside elevation the parts at the bottom in cross-section, showingportions of the formretaining devices broken away to illustrate theconstruction more clearly. Fig. 6 shows Fi 5. .Fi 7 is a view showin inlan the parts which are represented in Fig, 6.1 Fig. 8 is a view showingseparately one of the bolts 9. Fig. 9 is an elevation and F 1g.

10 is a longitudinal section of one of the forms. Fig. 11 is a viewshowing a modified construction of supporting members or illustratinganother mode of forming the topmost portion of .a partition. Fig. 16 isa view showing in side elevation certain parts of Fig. 15 comprising aseries of ceiling blocks and the upper portions of two of the studs3, 3.Fig. 17 is a. view in horizontal section through the ceiling blocks'ofFig. 16. Fig. 18 is a plan view of one of the ceiling blocks of Figs.15, 16'and 17 Fig. 19 is an isometric view representing a modified formof stud or strut. Fig. 20 is a view in horizontal section of a stud orstrut like that of Fig. 19, and a form-support adapted for use inconnection therewith,

and illustrates the employment of the said parts in the production of apartition or wall. Fig. 21 is a view similar to Fig. 20,

showing a slight modification in connection with the form-support. Fig.22 is an iso-' metric view illustrating a double stud. Figs. 23 .and 2aareviews corresponding in character with Figs. 20 and 21. and showingdifferent forms of form-supports in connection with the double stud ofFig. 22.

In Fig. 1, which illustrates the employment of the invention in'theproduction of a partition, the ceiling line is indicated at 1, and thefloor line at 2. A series of the members aforesaid is represented at3,3, 3. In this instance, the said members are shown as cylindrical rodsof small diameter, and are arranged in vertical position, parallel withone another, which is the preferred arrangement where permissible. Asthus disposed, the members 3, 3, etc, correspond withthe so-called studsthat are employed in building construction, and for convenience ofreference the said members, whether specifically rods, beams, or tubes,and whatever the cross-sectional shape thereof, are hereinafter termedstuds. In some cases the manner and means of holding the members orstuds 3, 3, etc., in place prior to the application of plastic materialmay vary according-to circumstances.

One means of preliminarily securing vertical studs in place is shown inFigs. 1' to veniently fixed in place.

8, such means forming a separate specific feature of the invention.Thismeans comprises what, for conveni'ence of designation,

floor in the line of the said partition and con- The two shoes. 1

and 5 are constructed for engagement and upper and lower ends of thelatter, so as to keep the studs spaced apart properly with relation toone another, and also keep them upright and prevent them from fallingsidewise. To this end, the two shoes shown in the drawings are formed,respectively,with

manner, and the other, 5, is applied to the V cooperation withrespective studs, at the" i openings which receive theupper and lower,

ends, respectively,- of the studs. The 1 opens ings' in the floor-shoe 5are n thisinstance holes of a size to conveniently receive "the lowerends of the Studs permitting the said ends to be dropped into the saidholes;

whilefor greater convenience in assembling the parts imposition theopenings in .the

ceiling-shoe 4: are slots 4:, 4:, etc, extending in from one side ofthe. said shoe at, to per mit the upper ends of the studs to enter by aswinging transverse movement after the lower ends have been dropped intothe holes of the floor-shoe. The construction of the shoes may varymoreor less in practice, and

so may the material of which they are made. They are here shown as madeof sheet-metal bent into trough shape, and with the edges as one specialfeature of invention, I employ clips 6, 6, etc, formed of sheet-metal,each clip having its opposite side-portions bent to fit againstthe sidesor flanges of the ceiling-shoe, the intermediate orbody-portion havingan open slit 6 extending in the di-' rection of the length of theceiling-shoe and just large enough to receive the diameter of t a stud.The respective clips 6, 6, are applied by placing a clip upontheceiling-shoe from beneath, at a point adjacent thestud with which itis to cooperate,'and then sliding the clip along the ceiling-shoe withthe open end of the ,slot' 6 foremost so as to cause the slotted clip toembrace the stud, as shown in Fig. 3, and therebyprev'ent it fromtransverse swinging movement within the slot of the ceilin -shoe. Aconvenient means of securing the clip in place upon the ceiling-shoe isshown in Figs. 2 and 5, and

' the sides or wings of the clip inward against the wings or flanges ofthe shoe as in Figs. 2 and 5 the clip is held in place and preventedfrom dropping from the shoe.

In practice, the studs are located at about thirty inches apart, more orless, and fastened at the floor or ceiling either by the means describedabove or in other approved manner.

Asa part'ofthe particular means for holding the forms in position whichis illus' trated in Figs. 1 to 7, I provide blocks 7, 7, etc., havingholes therethrough from top to bottom which enable them to be slippedupon the respective studs, a number of the said blocks being applied toeach stud, one above another, as shown, and the respective blocks on astud being adjustably fixed in position upon the stud by means ofclamping screws 8, 8. Each of these blocks has oppositeinternally-threaded openings, which are indicated best in Figs. 5 and 7.

Another part of the said means for holding said forms in positionconsists of form-supports which are removably engaged with said blocks,andby their engagement with the forms serve to hold the latter in place.In the present instance these form-supports are in the form of stemsorbolts 9, 9, etc,

one of which is shown separately in Fig. 8, the said form supportshaving screw-threaded inner ends which screw into theinternally-threaded oppositely located holes in the respective blocks 8,8, etc., so that a pair of said stems or bolts projects in oppositedirections from each block, transversely of the thickness of thecontemplated partition. Each of the stems or bolts is provided with ashoulder 9 at a short distance from its outer end, and beyond suchshoulder it is formed with a plain cylindrical portion 9", the latterbeing succeeded by a screwthreaded portion 9 of convenient length toreceive a nut or nuts 10.

To provide for turning the stems or bolts 9, 9, as may be required inscrewing their inner ends into or out of the internallythreaded holes ofthe blocks 7, 7, upon the upright studs 3, 3, in applying the stems orbolts to the said blocks or removing them therefrom, as well as inadjusting the stems or bolts in or out, the outer ends of the stems orbolts are conveniently shaped for the engagement therewith of a wrenchor other tool. In the drawings, the said ends are shown as having squareholes or recesses 9, '9, therein to receive the correspondinglyshapedend of a convenient key.

The forms which I employ consist of fiat sheets 11, 11, having therequisite stifl'ness, and may consist of wood or metal, the lattermaterial being preferred. In applying the forms 11, 11, to theform-supports, margins ofthe forms are placed against shoulders 9, S, ofthe stems or bolts, and upon the application of the nuts 10, 10, and thetightening up of the said nuts, are clamped between the said nuts andthe said shoulders and thereby secured in place.

The forms shown in the drawings are thin metal plates, steel being aconvenient material for such plates. The form-plates, whether of wood ormetal, may be of a thickness sufficient to give them the requisitestiffness, although to save cost I sometimes employ thinner plates whichI reinforce on their outer faces along the edges and elsewhere, eitherlongitudinally or transversely, or both, so as to secure properstiffness. Figs. 9 and 10 show a form-plate which stiffened bothlongitudinally and. trans versely, as just referred to, by means ofstrips 12, 12, of angle iron. In the case of wooden form-plates,reinforcements properly applied will obviate tendency to warping, andwill lessen or prevent breakage from rough handling. Form-retainingdevices on the order of those shown herein enable 'these forms to beused repeatedly, which works a great saving as compared with the use ofbuilt-up forms made of planks cut to meet the requirements of theparticular use thereof. The latter forms are injured by the use thereof,and are seldom used a second time. Vhen discarded, the value of thematerial is very much lessened. lonsequently their cost is usuallyfigured into the cost of the job. I make my forms in short lengths, asfor instance of a length corresponding with the measurement betweencenters from one stud to the stud which is one remove therefrom. SeeFig. 1. A series or course of the said forms will be placed together endto end in line lengthwise of the partition or the like to be produced,at each side of the series of members or studs, 3, 3, etc. This use offorms in short sections, fitted together end to end to constitute acourse, enables them to be assembled to suit a partition, wall, or thelike of any desired length, and obviates the inconvenience and expenseof forms of a single piece equaling in length the length of thepartition or the like. The vertical width of the forms will bedetermined by the vertical height of the portion of partition or thelike which it is desired or practical to produce at one pouring of theplastic material.

he engagement of the forms with the form-supports may be variouslyeffected in carrying the invention into effect. In the case of theparticular construction of formsupports shown in the drawings, I preferto notch the edges of the forms as shown at 11, 11, Fig. 9, to partlyreceive the cylindrical portions 9", 9 adjoining the shoulders of ahorizontal series of the said formsupports, as in the case of the upperedges of the form-plates shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Also, in order that thenotches of the lower edge or edges of an upper course of formplates maybe subsequently engaged with the,

same cylindrical portions from above, permitting the lower portions ofthe second course to be secured tightly in place by means of the sameform-supports and nuts as the lower course, with the said lowercuredagainst spreading apart in any con-V venient manner, as by nails driveninto the flooring alongside the same, or by strips 13, 13, Figs. 1 to 7,nailed to the flooring. The thickness of the wall will be determined bythe distance between the oppositely-' placed form-plates, and thisdistance may be varied to secure the required thickness of wall byadjustment of the form-supports inward or outward relative to the blocksmounted on the studs. This mode of adjustment also enables theform-plates at either side of'the series of studs to be located at therequired distance from the said series of studs, which distance may beeither greater or less than that between the opposite form-plates andthe series of studs. The lowermost form-plates having been properlysecured in position, plastic material 14 is placed between them so as tocover the floor-shoe 5, and surround and embed the said shoe and thelower portions A second course of form-' ofthe studs. plates is nextapplied to the form-supports at each side of the series of studs, withthe lower edges thereof resting upon the edges of the previously appliedcourse of formplates. To permit this to be effected, the

nuts in connection with the form-supports.

engaging with the upper edges of the lowermost form-plates are loosenedso as to permit the notched lower edges of the upper form-plates to befitted down around the shoulders of the said form-supports, and then aretightened so as to clasp the lower margins of the upper courseofformplates. The upper edges of the upper formplates are engaged withthe cylindrical portions of the. next higher series of form supports,and secured inrposition by tight-7 ening up the nuts upon the latterformsupports. The space between the upper pair of courses of form-plateshaving been filled with plastic material, a third pair is applied andsecured infposition by means of form-supports and the nuts thereon, and

of the form-supports are adjustable Vertically upon the studs to enablethem to be so on until close to the ceiling. The blocks located on thestudsat heights. suitable to correspond with the vertical widths of theforms. V IV hen it is desired to employ hollow forms or cores, 15, 15,etc., as, sometimes is. the 7 case in order to secure lightness, render.

the walls soundproof, increase :the fireresisting quality of thepartition, and also effect a reduction in the amount of plastic materialemployed, 7 which in the drawings. In the latter, the cores are made inshort lengths corresponding with the distance between one stud and thenext; In the process of building the partition, the space between anopposite pair of courses of form-plates is partly filled with theplastic material, a horizontal line or series of cores is placed uponthe'layer of plastic material. and partly'embedded thereimand thenplastic material is filled in around and above the said series of cores,other cores being applied and embedded above the first in obvious mannerTo properly position the cores within thepartition with the aid of thestuds, the ends of the cores may be notched at 15 15 as shownin Fig. 7so that the notches in'onev end of a given core will receive one-half,

reduces the weight, these may be applied as illustrated more or less, ofthe diameter of the adjacent stud, and the notches of the. adjoining endof the next succeeding ,core fitting the 7 same stud will receive theremaining onehalf, more or less, of the said diameter; Thereby, thestuds serve to position the said coresfwithin the thickness of thepartition, and prevent displacement of the same transversely towardeither surface;

Fig. 11 illustrates a modified form of stud, and a different mode. ofengagement between the same and the hollow cores. In

this figure, a pair of studs 33, 83, is employed in place of a singlecylindrical stud as already-described. These studs33, 33, arerespectively trough-shaped, and have their, hollow sides and flangesturned inward sothat the hollow side and flanges of one stud of a pairface those of the other. The cores, 15 15", have notches 15, 15 cut inthem at oppositepoints at each end of a core, and the ends of the coresare engaged with the studs by insert ing such ends between the two studsof a pair and causing the inturnedflanges of the studs to enter andoccupy the oppositely located slots in the said ends.

l3y procedure substantially as set forth above, the building up of thepartition may be carried on to a point close to the ceiling. The top ofthe partition then may be built in by applying, as shown in Fig. 12, acourse of form-plates 11 at one side of the partition, with the topedges of such form-plates as close as possible to the ceiling, andfixing the said form-plates in place by means of form-supportingdevices. Also, applying at the opposite side of the partition a courseof form-plates "l1 like the form-plate shown separately in Figs. 13a'nd14, with'the top edges of the said form-plates 11. located at asuflicient distance below the ceiling to permit the plastic material tobe poured in over the said stop edges. See Fig. 12. After the spacebetween the formsplates 11* and the opposite form-plates-llhas beenfilled up to the top edges of the form-plates 11*, and after the plasticmaterial has set and the form-plates at both sides have beenremoved, thepartition may becompleted by filling in by hand so as to .close the gapexisting next to the ceiling.

The form-plate 11 of Figs. 12, Band 1a is held in place by means of theform-supports 9 and nuts 10 which engage with the top-edges of the nextlower course of form-plates 11 at the same side of the partition, thebottom. edges ofthe formplates 11 being notched to fit the saidformsupports as illustrated by Figs. 13 and 14. For the purpose ofholding the form-plates 11 steadily in their upright position andpreventing them from being pressed out ward by the plastic mass, thesaid formplates are provided with extensions 11 11 in the form ofcleats, which extend down below the lower edges-of the form-plates 11,so that when the latter are appliedin working position as in Fig. 12 thesaid steadying extensions or cleats make contact with the outer facesofthe adjacent course of form-plates 11. s i N -A110tl16r modeof formingthe topmost portion: ofa partition is illustrated iniFigs.

15a 18. This mode involves the employment of previously preparedblocksjlfi, 16, of plastic material, which are mounted upon the upperends of the studs 3, 8, etc., next to the ceiling line. The said blocksmay be supported in any convenient manner in-close contact with theceiling line, as for instance by collars 17, 17, applied to the studsand resting upon the blocks 7,7, of the formsupports. Or the said blocks7, 7, themselves may be set up closely and firmly against the bottoms ofthe ceiling blocks, and employed to support the latter without'the useof additional collars, For the purpose of facilitating the applicationof these ceilingblocks to the series of studs in case it is-deslred tomake such application after the studs have been placed in position, theceiling blocks may be made in sections corresponding approximatelv inlength with the distance between two adjacent studs, each section withbeveled ends as shown in Flgs. 17 and 18, so

them between the studs and fitting their oppositely-inclined beveledends together as showninFigs. 16 andv 17, a closely joined continuouscourse of ceiling blocks will be 'jproduced. The beveled ends of thesections or blocksare notched as'at 16 16, Figs. 17

.and 18, to lit around the studs 3, 3, so that the meeting endsofadjoining blocks may make :contact with each other. It will beobviousthat the ceiling-block sections may be utilized to hold the upperends of the studs properly spaced apart and in alinement without theemployment of the ceiling shoe. In this case, the blocks will befastened to the ceiling or otherwise held in place so as to prevent(transverse or other :displacement of the same. When the Ceiling blocksare employed in conjunction with the ceilingshoe, they usually will berecessed as shown in Fig.15 to fit around and accommodate the ceilingshoe. The ceiling blocks having been applied in position, and beingproperly supported in such position, courses of form-plates 11, 11, areapplied as shown in Fig. 15 at opposite sides of the partition so as toclose the opening between the lastpoured portion of the partition andthe ceiling blocks. The space inclosed between the said form-plates isfilled withplastic ma terial by a pouring operation, provision for thepouring being made by forming in the lower portion of each section orblock a pouringopening 16 through which the plastic material may. fiowinto the said space. After the portion of plastic material thus pouredhas set, andafter the removal of the form-plates 11, 11, thepouring-openings in the ceiling blocks may be filled with plastic 1materialapplied by hand.

In practice, the form-plates are removed as the workproceeds and assuccessive sec tions one above the other are completed and matter theyhave properlyset. The studs 3, 3, however, and the floor-shoe andceilingshoe, when the same are employed, remain embedded in thepartition. The blocks 7, 7,

when they are employed, remain within the partition. The fornrsupports,are unscrewed from the blocks 7, 7, and withdrawn atthe sides of thepartition, the holes left in the sides of the partition by thewithdrawal of the form-supports being filled in by hand. 7 j

.I may employ ceiling blocks a little thin- .ner than the contemplatedthickness of the Ptll'tllllOll, and, after securing the same in I placeand forming the partition by the pouring operation up to the lower edgeof the ceiling blocks, apply the requisite plastic material by hand tothe opposite side-faces of the said blocks so as to fill in at bothsides of the blocks flush with the poured portion of the partition belowthe ceiling blocks.

' and 5, for instance, to be set at-any required distance apart fromeach other to provide for making a partition or wall of the'desiredthickness.

thesaid forms to be set nearer to or farther It also enables either offrom the studs 3, 3, than the other thereof, wherever for any reasonsuch setting is desired. This capacity for independent individualadjustmentof the said collars enables them to be adjustable tocompensate for any mi'splacing of the respective studs,

and for any want of straightness of the respective studs. Thus, if thestuds should not be in a straight line with one another,

or if any of them should be bent,the want of alinement and the lack ofstraightness may be compensated for'by the adjustment in question.Thereby, the forms maybe caused to aline with one another in ahorizontalcourse, and may be made plumb vertically. V

Fig. 19 shows another form of stud, which may be employed in cases wherethe somewhat greater cost does not preclude such employment. The saidstud is made of sheet metal, preferably steel, and in crosssectionalshape corresponds more or less closely with an I-beam. One pair of wingsthereof, 34, 34, is somewhat wider than the other pair, 35, 35, and isformed with longitudinal slots 36, 36, to permit of the application ofthe form-supports to the studs. The said slots are located at distancesapart vertically correspondingapproximately .with the required spacingof the "form-sup,- ports one above another. The slots 35, 36,

are of suliicient length vertically to give sufiicient leeway in settingthe form-sup ports higher or lower to suit the positions of the edges ofthe form-plates. For the purpose of enabling the I-shaped stud of Fig.19 to be fixed in position, the respective ends thereof are provided, asshown in connection with the lower end thereof, in Fig. 19, withhorizontally projecting lugs'37, 37, having holes through which nailsmay be driven downwardinto the support beneath the foot of the stud, andupward into the support above the upper end of the stud.

Fig. 20 shows applied to a strut like that of V Fig. 19a form-support ofconvenient'characterfor use therewith, such form-support being in theshape of a stem or bolt 94 having both end-portions thereofscrewthreaded, and the said stem orbolt having also a fixed collar 95located adjacent one screw-threaded end-portion thereof. The said stemor bolt is passed through an oppositely-"located pair of the slots 36,36, in the wider wings of the stud, with the fixed collar 95in contactwiththe outer surface of" one ofthe said wings and the-opposite threadedend-portion extendingthrough the slot in the opposite wing andprojecting beyond the said wing. A'nut '96- islscrewed upon the threadedend portion' last mentioned, and up tightly against the. outer surfaceof the said opposite wing." Bytheengagement of collar 95 and nut 96 withthe outer'surfaces of thetwo wings. 34, 34, the said form-support isfixedly mounted in connection" with the stud.

Upon each of the opposite screw-threaded end-portions of each stem orbolt 94 is screwed a nut-97 constituting an adjusting and "clampingcollar for form-plates 11.

The saidform-plates are placed against the outer faces: of therespective nuts 97 97 and are clamped thereagamst by means of wing-nuts105, 105, Wl11Cl1-2ll$ screwed upon the screw-threaded end-portions ofthe stemorfbolt. 'By screwing the nuts 97, V 97, inward or outward uponthe 'screw threaded end-portions ofthe stem or bolt the positions :ofthe form-plates'may be adjusted as required to vary the'thickness of thepartitionor the distance of the formplates at eithe'r' side of thepartition from the studs. To facilitate the screwing of the nuts 97 97,onto and off from the threaded portions of the stem or bolt and also themaking of adjustments, the said nuts are formed at their; outer faceswith holes 971, 971, adapted to be entered by projections of a suitabletool for turning the nuts. The removal of the form-plates fromthepartition is provided for by: taking off the wingnuts from theend-portions of the stems or bolts of the form-supporting devices. It isintended that the nut 96 shall be, un-' screwed and removed from thecorresponding end-portion: of the stem or bolt,- and that bolt and thecollar and nuts thereon. Any

convenient shields may-be employed for the purpose. v' p 7 Fig. 20 showssections of rubber tubing 98, 98, one thereof placed respectively aroundthe fixed collar-and embracing the reduced portion ofthe adjacentclamping andadjustment nut 97, and the other thereof placed around thenut 96 and the'inner reduced portion of the adjacent clamping andadjustment nut 97. These tubular shields prevent the plastic materialfrom closing in against the screw-threaded end-portions of the stem orboltand covering over the collar 95 and nut 96. Thereby, after theremoval of the opposite clamping nuts 97, 97, free access to the nut 96is permitted, and it is possible to unscrew and remove said nut and thenwithdraw the stem or bolt, without interference from the plasticmaterial. The sections of rubber tubing may then be removed from theholes in the opposite faces of the partition, after which the said holesmay be filled in by hand.

Fig. 21 shows a construction in which instead of the rubber shields ofFig. 20 I employ inwardly extending flanges 97 97*, which are formedupon the adjustment and clamping nuts 97, 97. These flanges extendinward and encircle the fixed collar 95 and the. securing nut 96, so asto inclose the same more or less completely in the different positionsof adjustment of the nuts 97, 97. 7 It will be observed that when theclamping and adjustment nuts 97, 97, are adjusted inward from theirposition in Fig. 20 the tubular rubber shields will compress lengthwise.Also, that as the nuts 97, 97, of Fig. 21 are adjusted inward or outwardupon the stem or bolt the flanges thereof move inward or outwardrelative to the exteriors of the fixed collar 95 and the securing nut96.

Fig. 22 shows what may be termed a double stud composed of twotrough-shaped strips 351, 351, of sheet-metal placed back to back withtheir flanges 352, 352, facing in opposite directions. .VVhen such adouble stud is employed in making a partition or wall, the two membersthereof'are secured in position back to back, with the flanges of the"respective members facing in opposite directions lengthwise of thecontemplated partition or wall, and with. the said backs separated by aspace or interval sulficient to receive between them the intermediateportion of the stem or bolt 94 of a form-supporting device, as in Fig.'23, in which the fixed collar 95 and the securing nut 96 are shown inengagement with the flange ends ofboth members of the double stud.

Fig. 24 shows the doublestud of Figs. 22

and 23 as having employed. in connection therewith another form ofform-support. This form of form-support is made in two sections, 98, 98,each having a screw-threaded outer portion, a fixed collar to takeagainst the adjacent ends of the double members of the stud, and aninner portion to enter between.the backs of the members of the doublestud. One of the said inner portions is formed with. the reducedscrewthreaded extension 98*, and the other is interiorly bored andthreaded to receive the said extension. The parts are applied and fittedtogether as shown in Fig. 2 1 being screwed together until their collarsfit snugly against the opposite flanged ends of the two members of thedouble stud. The

. clamping and adjusting nuts are then applied to the threaded portions,and the inclosing tubular shields are slipped over the nuts and fixedcollars. The form-plates 11, 11, are applied against the exterior facesof the nuts and are clamped to the same by means of the nuts as in Fig.19.

When cores are employed their ends are introduced between the flanges ofthe studs of Figs. 19 to 2 k in the manner shown in Fig. 20, and therebythe cores are properly held in position within the thickness of thepartitions.

1 claim as my invention 1. Means for use in making reinforcedpartitions, walls, etc., comprising a series of members disposed withinthe space of the contemplated thickness of the partition or wall to bebuilt, external forms for confining the plastic material andsurface-shaping the partition or wall, the said forms having notchededges, and means in connection with the said internal members extendingtransversely relative to the same and to the said thickness, detachablyengaging with the said members, seating themselves in the said notches,and detachably holding the said forms from spreading apart.

2. Means for use in making reinforced partitions, walls, etc.,comprising a series of reinforcing members for the partition or wall tobe built, disposed within the space of the contemplated thickness of thesaid partition or wall, external forms for confining theplastic materialand surface-shaping the partition or wall, and attachments comprisinginner members fixedly attached to said reinforcing members and outer1nem-- bers detachably mountedin connection with the said inner membersand detachably engaging with. said forms both internally and externallyand thereby holding the latter in position.

3. Means for use in making reinforced partitions, walls, etc.,comprising a series of reinforcing members for the partition or wall tobe built, disposed within the space of the contemplated thickness of thesaid partition or wall, external forms for confining the plasticmaterial, inner members fixedly attached to the said reinforcing membersand outer members detachably attached to said inner members, detachablyengaging and supporting said forms both internally and externally andadjustable in the direction of the thickness of the partition or wall.

a. Means for use" in making reinforced partitions, walls, etc.,comprising a series of 1.3

reinforcing members for the partition or wall to be built, disposedWithin the space of the contemplated thickness of the said partition orwall, external forms for confining the plastic material, and a pluralityof series of form-supporting means comprising inner members rigidlymounted upon the said reinforcing members at heights corresponding withsuccessive positions, one above the other, of the said forms, andadapted to remain embedded in the partition'or wall, and outer membersdetach ably connected to the said inner members and detachably engagingwith said forms both internally and externally to hold the latter inposition.

5. Means for use in making partitions,

' walls, etc., comprising a series of supporting members, disposedwithin the space of the contemplated thickness of the partition or wallto be built, external forms for confining the plastic material, andmeans for detachably connecting said forms with the v said members insuccessively higher positions as successive portions of the height ofthe wall are builtup comprising transversely extending bolts removablyengaging with the said supporting members and also detachably engagingby their outer portions with the said forms.

6. Means for use in making partitions,

walls, etc., comprising a series of supporting members, disposed withinthe space of the contemplated thickness of the partition or \all to bebuilt, blocks mounted upon said.

members at successive 7 heights, external forms for confining theplastic material, and means for detachably connecting said forms withthe said blocks in successively higher positions as successive portionsof the height of the wall are built up.

7. Means for use in making partitions, walls, etc., comprising a seriesof vertical supporting members, disposed within the space of thecontemplated thickness of the thickness of the contemplated partition orwall to be built, retaining means having pockets or seats receiving theupper and lower ends of said members and serving to keep the latter inupright position, external forms for confining the plastic material, andform-supports adapted to be detachably connected with the said membersat'diiferent points in the height of the partition, wall, etc, and alsoadapted for detachable en-v gagement with the saidforms and serving toconnect the forms withthe said members insucc'essively higher positionsf9. Means for use in making partitions,

walls,etc., comprising a series of supporting members, a floor-shoe anda ceiling-shoe having pockets or sea-ts receiving respectively the upperends and lower ends of said members and keeping the members in po- 7sition, external forms for confining the plastic material, and means fordetachably-connecting said forms with the said members in successivelyhigher posltions as successive portions of the'height of the wall arebuilt up. 7 v a IOQMeans for 'usein making partitions, walls, etc.,comprising aseries of supporting members, a fioor-shoe and aceiling-shoe having pockets or seats receiving respectively the upperends and lower endsof said members and keepingthe members in position,external forms ,fOr confining the plastic material, and form-supportsadapted to be detachably connected with the said members at differentpoints in the height of the partition, wall, etc, and also adapted fordetachable engagement with the said forms and serving to connect theforms with the said members in successively higher positions.

11. Means for usein making partitions, walls, etc, comprising supportingmembers, disposed within the space of the thickness of the partition orwall to be built, eX- ternal forms, form-supports mounted upon saidmembers extending transversely of the said thickness and provided withshoulders to posltlonexternal forms placed. against 7 such shoulders,said form-supports having screw-threaded outer portions, and nutsscrewing upon saidouter portions-and clamping edge-portionsof the formsagainst fastening said i said shoulders and thereby terms in workingposition.

12. Means foruse in making partitions, walls, etc., comprisingsupporting'members,

disposed within the thickness ofthe par'tij- .tion or wall to be built,external forms,

form-supports mounted upon said members and provided with. shoulders toposition external forms placed against such shoulders, saidfornrsupports; adjustable in thedirection of the thickness of thepartition, wall, etc, and having screw-threaded outer portions, and nutsscrewing upon said outer portions and clamping edge-portions of theforms against said shoulders and thereby fastening said formsinworkingposition.

13. Means for use in making partitions,

walls, etc., comprising a series of upright studs, external forms,form-supports by means of which said external forms may be In testimonywhereof I afiix my signature 1n presence of two witnesses.

CARL E. SPAULDING.

removably supported from said studs in successively higher positions,ceiling-blocks fitting the upper portions of said studs, and meansadapted for supporting the ceilingblocks in position upon the studsuntil the plastic material adjacent the ceiling-blocks is in place.

Witnesses:

CHAS. F. RANDALL, NATHAN Bo DAY.

Copies ofthis patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe "Commissioner 0! Patents; Washington, D. C.

